Abstract
The coronary sinus (CS) opens into the right atrial cavity to the left of the inferior vena cava. "Unroofed" coronary sinus is a rare congenital anomaly of the heart, presenting a deficiency in the development of the left atriovenous fold, resulting in a communication between the coronary sinus and the left atrium. Clinically, the defect is manifested by the clinic of an atrial septal defect. In the world literature, there are several types of "unroofed" CS. So with a complete defect, the coronary sinus does not exist, since there is no common wall between it and the left atrium. Partial CS defect is divided into proximal type and distal type. The proximal type is a defect that communicates with the mouth of the CS. Distal type – the location of the defect in the middle part of the CS. In this regard, computed angiography, which provides accurate anatomical information, if particularly important. Preoperative assessment of the “unroofed” CS is important to determine the anatomical variant of the defect and associated combined pathologies, based on which the optimal tactics of surgical treatment is determined.
References
- Ai-Hua Zhi, Ru-Ping Dai, Wei-Guo Ma, Pei Zhang, Bin Lv, Shi-Liang Jiang. СТ angiography for diagnosis and subcategorization of unroofed coronary sinus syndrome. J. Thorac Dis. 2017; 9 (10): 3946–55. DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.09.0
- Xu B., Betancor J., Cremer P.C., Renapurkar R., Pettersson G.B., Asher C.R., Rodriguez L.L. Multimodality cardiovascular imaging of unroofed coronary sinus defects. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging. 2018; 11 (7): 1027–30. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.03.00
About Authors
- Vladimir N. Makarenko, Dr. Med. Sc., Professor, Chief of Department, ORCID
- Ol'ga S. Zolotaykina, Cand. Med. Sc., Radiologist, ORCID
- Maria A. Shlyappo, Cand. Med. Sc., Radiologist, ORCID